![]() These types of exceptionality provide the basis for an investigation of higher order exceptionality, which results from interactions of these phenomena, where the exceptional phenomena target the same cells of the paradigm. A typology of divergences from the canonical scheme situates the types of morphological exceptionality, including: periphrasis, anti-periphrasis, defectiveness, overdifferentiation, suppletion, syncretism, heteroclisis and deponency. However, real systems show great divergences from this idealization. Such a scheme would make perfect sense in functional terms: it provides maximal differentiation for minimal phonological material. Paradigms “should” be consistent, both internally (within the lexeme) and externally (across lexemes). In a canonical system, feature values “should” multiply out so that all possible cells exist. We assume that we have already established the features and their values for a given system (while acknowledging that this may be a substantial analytic task). We start from the notion of ‘canonical’ inflection, and we adopt an inferential-realizational approach. Besides laying out the possibilities for the specific phenomenon of suppletion, we show how a canonical approach allows us to make progress in typology, even in the most challenging areas. These remarkable instances of suppletion, particularly when in interaction with other phenomena, extend the boundary of the notion ‘possible word’. Moreover, we find interactions with other morphological phenomena, and discuss four of them: syncretism, periphrasis, overdifferentiation and reduplication. The criteria fall into two main areas, those internal to the lexeme and those external to it. Thus the criteria establish the dimensions along which we find the specific instances of suppletion, allowing us to calibrate examples out from the canonical. That is, we define the canonical or best instance, through a set of converging criteria, and use this point in theoretical space to locate the various occurring types. This is an unusual enterprise within typology, and it requires a ‘canonical’ approach. We specify a typology for the extreme of inflectional morphology, namely suppletion (as in go ~ went). Whereas prior work assumes that expressive affixes are inherently polysemous, this approach derives their many attested meanings and functions (e.g., “small,” “young,” “bad,” deprecation, appreciation, hypocorism, intensification/exactness, and attenuation/approximation) compositionally, from the interactions of their multidimensionality with the meanings of the roots to which they attach. ![]() The expressive meaning of connotative affixes, and expressives generally, arises as they manipulate the middle coordinate, I, of expressive indices which, it is proposed, is inherently specified on all lexical items and canonically set to “neutral.” It introduces a new algebraic operation for manipulating I, AFF, which accounts for the well-known, and seemingly “contradictory,” range of meanings that expressive affixes can express. It shows that their descriptive meaning is that of a gradable adjective, viewed as a degree relation which includes a measure function, in the sense of Kennedy (1997b). ![]() With respect to the semantics of expressive affixes, it develops a novel multidimensional account, in the sense of Potts (2005, 2007a), of Spanish “connotative affixes,” which can simultaneously convey descriptive and expressive meaning. For example, the Sanskrit preverb, and the Indo-European aspectual prefix/particle generally, are shown to have systematically expressive functions. From this, it follows that many familiar morphological arguments that adduce the data of expressive morphology ought to be reconsidered and 2) it is far more pervasive than has been traditionally thought. With regard to the former, it shows that the expressive morphology of many different languages (including Bantu, West Atlantic, Walman, Sanskrit, Germanic, Romance, Slavic, and others), has the following properties: 1) it is systematically anomalous when compared to plain morphology, or the ordinary processes of word-formation and inflection. ![]() This dissertation focuses on two aspects of expressive affixes: their morphological/typological properties and their semantics. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |